An EEG (Electroencephalogram) is a test that measures the electrical activity in the brain. It records the brain’s spontaneous electrical patterns through small, flat electrodes that are attached to the scalp. EEG is commonly used to diagnose conditions like seizures, epilepsy, sleep disorders, and certain neurological conditions.
EEG Test Preparation:
Here’s how to prepare for an EEG test:
- Clothing:
- Wear comfortable clothing with easy access to your scalp. A loose shirt is ideal, as you may need to remove any clothing from the head or neck area depending on the procedure.
- Hair:
- Wash your hair the night before the test. Clean, dry hair allows the electrodes to stick better and provides clearer readings.
- Avoid hair products like gels, hairsprays, or oils on the day of the test, as they can interfere with electrode placement.
- Medications:
- Inform your doctor about all medications you’re taking. In some cases, you may be asked to adjust or temporarily stop taking certain medications, especially if they affect brain activity (like anti-seizure drugs).
- You should continue taking prescribed medications unless your doctor tells you otherwise, particularly if they are important for your health.
- Food and Drink:
- You can eat and drink normally
- What to Expect During the EEG:
- Electrode placement: Small electrodes will be placed on your scalp using a special paste. The whole process may take around 90 to 120 minutes
- The procedure itself is painless. You may be asked to relax, stay still, or close your eyes during the test.
- Post-Test:
- After the test, you can resume your normal activities right away.
- Cleaning your scalp: You may have some residue from the electrode paste, but it can usually be removed with water and shampoo.
Special Types of EEG:
- Sleep EEG: Done during sleep, to monitor sleep patterns and disorders.
- Ambulatory EEG: This is a portable version where you wear the EEG device at home for a longer period (48–72 hours).
- Video EEG: Combined with video monitoring to observe the patient's behavior during seizure activity.
Possible Side Effects:
- The EEG itself typically has no risks, though some people may experience minor scalp irritation from the electrodes or paste. If you're asked to hyperventilate or use flashing lights, you might feel lightheaded or dizzy, but this should be temporary.
Summary:
EEG testing is a non-invasive and safe way to evaluate brain activity. Preparing for it involves maintaining clean hair, avoiding caffeine, and following any specific instructions from your doctor regarding sleep or medication.